Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper


Vol. 32 (January Suppl. Issue): 2026

Page Number: S398-S403

PHYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RUELLIA PROSTRATA ROOT EXTRACT USING SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES

A. Lakshmanan, R. Venkatachalam and S. Shankar

Abstract

Spectroscopy is a valuable method for both quantitative and qualitative study of biological and pharmacological materials, as well as for characterizing secondary metabolites. The current study’s objective is to use spectroscopic methods to examine the phytochemical characterisation of Ruellia prostrata root extract. The qualitative examination of the aqueous, ethanol, and hydroalcoholic extracts of roots revealed the presence of tannins, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, triterponids, alkaloids, anthroquinone, saponins, polyphenol, glycoside, coumarins, anthocyanins, and emodins. The hydro-ethanolic extract had more phytoconstituents than the aqueous and ethanolic extracts. Significant concentrations of phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids are present in the hydro-ethanolic extract. Due to the presence of numerous phenols and compounds linked to their structure in the root extract, the results indicate the presence of peaks at 250 to 700nm. Phenols and alcohols, alkanes, aldehydes, alkenes, aromatics, aromatic amines, aliphatic amines, 1o, 2o amines, and alkenes are all present in the FTIR spectrum results. Ruellia prostrata root extracts include important biomolecules called flavonoids, phenolics, and terpenoids that serve as reducing agents and capping/stabilizing agents in the synthesis of green nanoparticles, making them a more environmentally friendly option than harsh chemicals.