Nityanando Mahato
Abstract
The increasing demands for energy worldwide, combined with environmental issues, has heightened the urgency for cleaner and more sustainable power generation methods. This research presents an assessment of solar, wind, and biomass energy systems from an eco-technological perspective, concentrating on their ability to lower carbon emissions and lessen reliance on fossil fuels. The examination stresses the relative evaluation of these renewable energy options regarding efficiency, cost-effectiveness, environmental impact, and technological development. Solar power, captured through photovoltaic and thermal systems, provides scalability and minimal operational emissions, yet it encounters challenges related to intermittency and energy storage. Wind energy, generated from advanced turbine technology, can offer a high energy return on investment in optimal locations, although it is dependent on site characteristics and subject to weather variations. Biomass energy, which makes use of organic materials and waste, serves a dual purpose of waste management and energy creation but necessitates careful management of emissions and sustainable sourcing of feedstock. By employing life-cycle assessment and performance evaluation, this paper underscores the advantages and drawbacks of each energy system in fostering a cleaner and more resilient energy future. The discussion also includes the integration of these technologies through hybrid systems and smart grids as a means to enhance reliability and efficiency. The findings suggest that a well-balanced combination of solar, wind, and biomass energy-backed by advanced technologies and policy support-can significantly speed up the global shift towards carbon-neutral and sustainable power generation. This thorough evaluation offers essential insights for policymakers, engineers, and researchers seeking to optimize the deployment of renewable energy for both environmental protection and economic viability.