Mahima Sharma, Sunil Malik, Mukesh Kumar, Satendra Kumar, S.P Singh, Bhim Singh, Rishubh Motla, Amit Kumar Singh and Devanshu Shukla
Abstract
The gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) is highly valued in Indiaâs thriving floriculture industry, both commercially and culturally. Increasing cultivation profitability while ensuring sustainability requires optimal nutrient management. This study, conducted at SVPUA&T in Meerut, evaluated the economic viability of twelve treatment combinations involving chemical fertilizers (at 100%, 75%, and 50% Recommended Dose of Fertilizers, RDF), biofertilizers (Azotobacter, PSB, VAM), and organic amendments (Farmyard Manure, FYM) for the cultivar âWhite Prosperityâ. Key economic metrics were examined, including cultivation costs, gross returns, net income, and the benefit-cost (B:C) ratio. The results showed that planting material (corms) accounted for more than 95% of overall expense, with fertilizers and labor making just tiny contributions. Among the treatments, 50% RDF combined with Azotobacter, PSB, VAM, and 5 t/ha FYM (T12) produced the most spikes, corms, and cormels. This treatment resulted in a total return of Rs. 32,07,930/ha, a net income of Rs. 23,49,975/ha, and the highest B:C ratio (2.73). In comparison, both the control (T1) and 100% RDF (T2) produced lower yields and economic returns. The study therefore shows that cutting chemical fertilizer use in half and supplementing with biofertilizers and modest organic manure not only increases output but also maximizes profit and economic efficiency. Integrated nutrient management (INM) with various bio-inoculants and organic inputs is an economically and environmentally sustainable strategy to profitable gladiolus cultivation in Western Uttar Pradesh and other agro-climatic regions.