N. Sharma
Abstract
The stability of ecosystems and human well-being are fundamentally dependent on biodiversity. But, in recent decades the loss of biodiversity has been greatly exacerbated by invasive species, overexploitation, habitat degradation, increasing anthropogenic pressures, and climate change. This study assesses the biodiversity status of a high ecological value wetland habitat, the Panidihing Bird Sanctuary, in Sivasagar district of Assam, India. The study area is a very important place for biodiversity because it is home to many sensitive and endangered species. Field surveys, focus groups discussion, and Geospatial tools were used to gather information on the flora and fauna. 18 plant species, 14 medicinal herbs and aquatic plant species, 23 fish species, and more than 40 bird species were identified field visit during 2022-2023. Wetland encroachment, invasive species proliferation, habitat fragmentation, and illicit exploitation are just a few of the many factors that are causing both fish and bird populations to go down within the area. As a prospective Ramsar site, the study area necessitates rapid, integrated conservation actions. Despite limited access to core protected zones, this study provides critical baseline data and emphasises the importance of sustainable wetland management. Strengthening conservation activities in the bird sanctuary is critical for protecting regional biodiversity and ecosystem function.