Neha Gaur and A. Verma
Abstract
The rapid evolution of fashion trends has led to frequent changes in clothing styles, resulting in significant environmental degradation that affects ecosystem health. Among the primary pollutants contributing to this issue are industrial dyes released from various manufacturing processes, which contaminate surrounding land and water resources. Methylene blue, a widely used dye, has garnered particular concern due to its harmful nature. Its direct release into the environment poses a severe threat to both human health and ecological safety. Consequently, there is a pressing need for an ecofriendly and sustainable approach to degrade methylene blue dye. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have introduced novel possibilities for addressing this challenge. This review offers a comprehensive examination of plant-synthesized metal nanoparticles used for methylene blue degradation. The paper focuses on research published between 2019 and 2024, highlighting the latest developments in utilizing plant-based metal nanoparticles (including Ag, Au, Fe, Zn, Cu, Se, Ce, and TiO2) for dye degradation. The study also evaluates the decolorization efficiency and time required for complete dye breakdown. Based on the findings from previous research, it is clear that phyto- degradation emerges as the most effective method for eliminating methylene blue dye, owing to its non-toxic nature and high efficiency.