R. Malik and J. Ali
Abstract
Water is essential for life as it supports vital body functions, maintains hydration, and regulates temperature. Clean water is necessary for drinking, cooking, and hygiene, helping to prevent diseases and promote health. Agriculture and food production depend on water for irrigation, while industries use it in manufacturing processes. Water also supports ecosystems, sustaining plants, animals, and aquatic life. Furthermore, it is vital for generating energy, such as hydroelectric power, and for recreational activities. Access to clean and safe water is key to ensuring the well-being and development of societies. Concerning these crucial issues, a study of the Physico-chemical parameters of water based on physico-chemical analysis has been conducted from different locations in India. Different locations of the country have been chosen for the study because these areas generally deal with factories, industries, agriculture practices, wastewater discharge, human settlement, embankment erosion, and colloquialism. The existing conditions are inadequate and often contaminated, leading to waterborne diseases such as diarrhea, giardiasis, dysentery, typhoid fever, and E. coli infection, especially in different regions. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the water quality in the different locations and take necessary measures to prevent contamination and promote safe and clean water for human beings. This research paper aims to contribute to this effort by providing a comprehensive assessment of the physico-chemical characteristics of water quality in various locations of India.