P.S. Ganvir, C.P. Dorlikar, R.Guhey, J.N. Papadkar, G.R. Nimbarte, P.P. Patre and S.V. Pusala
Abstract
The economic development of any nation primarily puts burdens on the natural resources. The genuine problem with the natural resources is its free availability in the nature. Neither the natural forces possess the potential to overcome the burden with required pace nor does the exploiter intend to do so. As a result the natural resources have been exploited with utmost mismanagement since the explorers have established it. The water resources including the surface and groundwater are one of them. The very nature of the water as a universal solvent puts water into a grave trouble especially in mismanaged circumstances. The heavy metalsâ contaminations are quite common in the water regimes in and around the industrial setups. These setups also includes mining regions, where a major alteration occurs in the landscape resulting into the unsteadiness in the established water system. The industrial outlets act as a point source of the heavy metals, whereas the mining setups develops unique circumstances in which the otherwise concealed heavy metals in the geological strata leaches out. The hazardous impact of the heavy metals on the biological world is well known and is elucidated through multiple endeavours. The heavy metals contaminated water systems are the platforms where the bioaccumulation incepts. In due course, the bioaccumulation proceeds to the bio-magnification when entered into the food chain. It is but obvious, to avoid such grave situation, obstructing the heavy metals at very first stage is advisable. Multiple traditional practices are known to remove the heavy metals from the contaminated water systems; but, none of it stands free from the clutches of expense and toxic by-products. In that case, the bioremediation has now been considered as an encouraging option. The removal of the heavy metals from the water systems with the help of biotic products or elements like agricultural waste, flora, microbes, etc. are now been advocated by multiple endeavours. The present article presents a very tangential review over the heavy metal contaminations in water, its effects on the biotic world and its probable remediation by various sustainable practices.