Vinod Kumar Pandey, P.N. Verma, Amit Kumar and Sajal Saha
Abstract
Wheat is a crucial crop that feeds a large portion of the global population. Given the constant increase in global population, there is a pressing need to boost wheat yield and productivity. A recent study conducted at Integral University in Lucknow was set out to examine genetic variability, broad-sense heritability, and genetic advance relating to wheat yield and its associated characteristics. The research focused on understanding the genetic variability and correlations among traits related to wheat yield in the species Triticum aestivum L. The study found significant variability in traits when analyzing the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV). This variability was observed in the number of grains per spike (16.0939%), grain yield per plant (11.0572%), number of tillers per plant (8.473%), spike length (8.0682%), spike weight per plant (9.1287%), thousand seed weight (8.938%), biological yield per plant (7.2931%), and protein content (5.8122%). The research also identified strong positive correlations between grain yield per plant and several traits, including spike length, number of seeds per spike, spike weight per plant, biological yield per plant, days to maturity, and plant height. Direct effect analysis highlighted the biological yield per plant as having the most significant impact on the grain yield per plant (1.232), with other traits such as days to maturity, days to 50% flowering, number of tillers per plant, spike length, thousand seed weight, and number of grains per spike also positively contributing to the yield.