Rehan Khan, Mohammed Sharif and Mohammad Shakeel
Abstract
In order to evaluate the sustainability of the water resources in the Periyar River Basin in the face of climate change, this study provides the analysis of climatic trends. By examining rainfall and temperature patterns over 123 years (1901 to 2023), key trends and their impact on the basinâs hydrology are identified. The analysis reveals shifting rainfall patterns, particularly during the monsoon season, and rising temperatures, notably in the winter and pre-monsoon periods. While most months show no clear rainfall trends, a linear increase is observed during August and September, with a decrease noted in January, February, June, July, November, and December. Simultaneously, continuous increases in both maximum and minimum temperatures suggest gradual regional warming. These climatic shifts significantly affect the hydrological cycle, influencing water quantity and quality. Spatial and temporal analyses provide deeper insights into these hydrological processes. In order to protect ecosystems and livelihoods, these combined findings emphasise the necessity of adaptive water resource management policies, resilient agricultural practices, and conservation initiatives. This research highlights the need for proactive actions in the Periyar River Basin and similar regions globally to effectively manage climate change consequences while maintaining sustainable development, serving as a roadmap for policymakers and stakeholders.