Suman Khanduri, Subhdara Khankriyal, Neha Kumari1, Neha Gosai, Sweta Mathur and Maneesha Singh
Abstract
Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton an annual herb in the mint family (Lamiaceae), is predominantly cultivated in countries like China, Japan, India, Thailand, and Korea. The Perilla plant has recently garnered increased attention due to its medicinal benefits and rich phytochemical content. Key phytochemical compounds found in this species include phenolic compounds (such as rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid), flavonoids (including luteolin and apigenin), phytosterols, tocopherols, policosanols, and fatty acids. Perilla seed oil stands out as a notable source of essential fatty acids, particularly alpha-linolenic acid (54-64%) and linoleic acid (14%). Traditional nutritional and medicinal practices have widely incorporated Perilla seeds and oils. Biological analysis of Perilla seeds has demonstrated their potential in exhibiting anticancer, antidiabetic, antiasthma, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardio-protective effects. This review aims to present an updated perspective on the nutritional composition, phytochemical profile, and pharmacological research associated with Perilla seed. Perilla plant, owing to its varied phyto-constituents. Perilla exhibits potential in addressing non-communicable diseases and can be employed as a key element in crafting various functional foods.