Pollution Research Paper

THE EFFICACY OF POMEGRANATE EXTRACT (PUNICA GRANATUML.) AND ELLAGIC ACID ON THE EXPRESSION OF VEGF AND ORALCANCER CELLS APOPTOSIS OF MUS MUSCULUS DUE TO BENZOPYRENE INDUCTION

SRI HERNAWATI AND ANIS IRMAWATI

Abstract

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death throughout the world. In Indonesia in 2013 it reached 1.4% or an estimated 347,792 people and became the cause of death number seven. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common cancer in the oral cavity, the patient’s survival is less than 50%. Until now complete cancer treatment has not been done while every year new cases continue to emerge,despite advances in the field of surgical therapy, radiation, chemotherapy is growing rapidly.Pomegranate (Punicagranatum L.)/PgL, is one of the plants with the active ingredient Ellagic Acid(EA), which has anti-cancer activity in vitro. There has not known the effectiveness of Pomegranateif given in whole extract or Ellagic acid isolation. Purpose of this study was to prove the effect of Pomegranate extract (Punicagranatum L./PgL) and Ellagic Acid on the expression of VEGF andoral cancer cells apoptosis of Musmusculus due to benzopyrene induction. 24 mice (Balb / c),males, 5 months old, were divided randomly into 3 groups, namely: K0: not induced bybenzopyrene, but not given PgL and EA; K1: benzopyrene induced, not given PgL and EA; P1:benzopyrene induced and given EA; P2: benzopyrene induced and given PgL. Benzopirene at adose of 0.04 mg was dissolved in 0.04 mL olivarum oil, given 3 times a week for 4 weeks. The application of PgL and EA at a dose of 75 mg/kg BW/day for 4 weeks.Examination of VEGF expression by immunohisto chemical techniques, while cell apoptosis with tunnel assay. There was significant difference in VEGF expression between all groups (p = 0.006), also in cancer cellapoptosis there were significant differences between all groups (p = 0.001). Pomegranate (Punicagranatum L.) extract was more effective to decrease VEGF expression and increase apoptosis cancer cell than Ellagic acid on Musmusculus which inducted by benzopyrene.