Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

NOCUITY OF THE ANSILOPIA AUSTRICA IN SEED WHEAT SOWS AND MEASURES TO FIGHT WITH THEM IN CONDITIONS OF WESTERN KAZAKHSTAN

A. S. Mendigaliyeva, Kh. K. Torybayev and S.S. Arystangulov

Abstract

The article presents the results of researches for 2015-2017 on the nocuity of the Anisoplia austriaca and the protective measures carried out on the spring wheat sowings. It is determined that the level of grain losses because of cereal chafer depends on the phase of grain formation in the ear of wheat. During feeding in the phases of the formation of milk and milk-wax stage of ripeness, grain losses consist of grains eaten from inside by the beetle, and in the phase of wax and full ripeness the weight of the eaten grain is added to the mass of bruchids knocked out by the beetle in the process of feeding. The data, which we have received on the nocuity of cereal chafer in spring wheat crops are important for production, because they allow to determine the economic thresholds of nocuity of the phytophagan. The use of economic thresholds for the nocuity of cereal chafer should contribute to the solution of the main task - to preserve the quantity and quality of spring wheat yield. The most dangerous is feeding of adult specimen - imago of cereal chafer on wheat in the period of formation-ripening of grain, when plants can no longer compensate for the damage caused by beetles. In the indicated period, the number of beetles reached from 5.5 to 7.0 specimens/m2, which exceeded the economic threshold of damage and, therefore, the chemical treatment of crops was carried out. A reliable rise of productivity of seed of spring-wheat was received from the use of such agents as Enzhio 247, with a consumption rate of 0.15 l/ha -1.5 c/ha and Danadim Expert, a. with a consumption rate of 1.0 l/ha - 1.4 c/ha compared to the control without treatment.