ROLE OF VARIOUS TECHNIQUES IN BIOREMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED WATER: A REVIEWMinita OjhaAbstract Industrialization, urbanization and modernization have caused enormous harm to the environment. The toxic pollutants generated through industries and other activities are deteriorating the quality of soil, air and water day by day leading to a serious threat to all living beings on the earth. So, to improve the quality of environment various physico-chemical methods of remediation were used but they had various limitations such as high energy requirements, time constraints, high operational and maintenance cost. Nanotechnology has been emerged as a boon for mankind. It has found application along with bioremediation to remove contaminants from water. Although bioremediation methods have enormous potential as a green method but they require long treatment time and sometimes high concentration of contaminants in water may prove toxic to microorganisms. To overcome these limitations, nanoparticles are used along with living microbiomes to clean the contaminants from water which is called nano bioremediation. The present paper reviews use of metal nanoparticles in the treatment of contaminated groundwater, dye wastewater and domestic wastewater through bioremediation, application of nanoparticles in increasing the efficiency of microorganisms and how limitations of various methods can be overcome by combining nanoparticles with bioremediation. |