Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

Vol 25, Issue 3 2019; Page No.(1137-1145)

INFLUENCE OF PLECTRANTHUS AMBOINICUS ESSENTIAL OIL ON POTENTIALLY PATHOGENIC ACANTHAMOEBA ISOLATED FROM WATER TANKS IN TABUK, SAUDI ARABIA

Wafaa M. Hikal and Hussein A.H. Said-Al Ahl

Abstract

Water is life and indispensable for all living organisms, however, it also can be a carrier of suffering, death and thus attention is required to ensure drinking water quality. Waterborne infections represent health hazard for global community and were responsible for many death cases annually. The free-living amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba have been recognized as an etiological agent of amoebic encephalitis, keratitis, otitis, lung lesions and other skin infections mainly in immuno-compromised individuals. Spread the use of water tanks is considered as a serious issue to public health, especially if they do not follow the appropriate techniques and methods of disinfection. Therefore, the present study was performed to inspect and isolate potentially pathogenic Acanthamoeba from tap water. The results showed the presence of potentially pathogenic Acanthamoeba. However, Plectranthus amboinicus oil, when used in vitro in higher concentrations (90 μg/mL after 96 hrs and 100 μg/mL after 24 to 96 hrs) was very effective, and was able to kill 100% of Acanthamoeba cysts. The cysticidal activity of Plectranthus amboinicus essential oil, LC50 values was estimated to be 74.34, 65.40, 60.47 and 55.87 μg/mL during 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs, respectively. This is the first report of in vitro cysticidal activity for Plectranthus amboinicus essential oil to be considered as a promising anti- Acanthamoeba agent.

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