APPLICATION OF THE MARINE FISH SCALE DERIVED NANO CHITOSAN FOR INCREASING THE FOOD SECURITY OF FISHERY PRODUCTSRumengan Inneke F.M., Pipih Suptijah, Stenly Wullur, Aldian Hein Luntungan,Fallen Billy Sandana and Netty SalindehoAbstract Marine fish scales are abundantly available as wastes of many Sea Food Restaurants along the coast of Manado Bay, North Sulawesi. This study has been conducted to prepare nanochitosan and chitosan from chitin extracted from the scales of parrot fish, and to apply it for increasing the food security of fishery products such as raw and smoked fish by evaluating its nutritional values and food hygiene. The preparation of chitosan was following the standard steps of deproteination, demineralization and deacetyation of the chitin extracted from fish scales. Gelatin ionic method was applied to prepare nanochitosan by adding drop wise a tripolyphosphate-pentasodium solution to chitosan solutions under stirring. Chitosan and nanochitosan were molecularly proven using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) within the wave length of molecular standard. The particle size of nanochitosan under electron microscopy show the range particle size of 56-291 nm in solid form. However, with the particle size analyser for nano chitosanaqueous sample the size range of 532,8 -1848,6 nm. Application of nano chitosan for evaluating food security was performed by spraying onto the surface of the products or immersing the product in nano chitosan solution. The products coated with nano chitosan were found to have less total plate count of bacteria and longer shelf life within the standard range of nutritional values.
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