Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

PROSPECT OF OPTIMIZING PTEROSPERMUM CELEBICUM STEM BARK ETHANOL EXTRACT AND BEE POLLEN COMPOSITION IN THE FORMULATION OF SUNSCREEN WITH SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN METHOD

Asnah Marzuki, Latifah Rahman and Sukamto

Abstract

Stem bark of Banyuru (Pterospermum celebicum) and bee pollen have high content of antioxidant, so they can be used for various purposes of protection, such as skin protection through sunscreen preparation. This research aimed to find out value of SPF (Sun Protective Factor) of the formulation of sunscreen containing ethanol extract of stem bark of P.celebicum (EESB) and bee pollen. Five variations of formulations were prepared and optimized by using simplex lattice design. Effectiveness of sunscreen was analyzed by using spectrophotometric method at the wavelength of 290 nm until 320 nm. Antioxidant activities were tested using method of DPPH (1.1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil) at a maximum wavelength of 516 nm. The formula was also exposed to sunlight for 5 hours (from 9 am to 2 pm). Results of thr research showed that formula FI had strong abilities to reflect sunlight with the value of IC50 of 51,095 μg/mL, while cream Octyl Methoxycinnamate with a cream basis had medium abilities with the value of IC50 of 131.816 μg/mL. Value of SPF produced was 6.9267±0.5105, erythema transmission (Te) 0.570±0.004%, and pigmentation transmission (Tp) 71.28 ± 0.01. Based on the above-mentioned data, formula FII showed the composition of ethanol extract of stem bark Banyuru and bee pollen that was the most uptimum to be developed as sunscreen.