Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

Vol 24, Issue 2 2018; Page No.(598-606)

THE POTENTIAL OF CONSTRUCTED WETLAND AS WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABLE SMALL INDUSTRY OF COFFEE PROCESSING IN INDONESIA

Erina Rahmadyanti, Elizabeth Titiek Winanti1, Dewie Tri Wijayati Wardoyo and Diah Wulandari

Abstract

The affectivity of constructed wetland as an alternative of environmental friendly technology has beenstudied in many researches. Although its efficacy mostly depends on waste types processed. This research is aimed to determine the efficacy of horizontal sub surface flow constructed wetland to process wastewaterof coffee processing in small industry contained high organic content (pectin, protein, and sugar), nutrient,soluble material and low pH. The research was experimental research using horizontal subsurface flowconstructed on pilot scale, built of glass box (0.5 m high x 0.5 m wide x 1.5 m long), sealed by high densitypolyethylene (HDPE), positioned on the soil with slope 0.01 mm-1. The substrate used was 10-20 mmgravel, with depth of 0.35 m and 0.15 m free-edge. The plant used was Typha latifollia. HSSFCW was operatedon three hydraulic loading rate (HLR) of 3, 6, 12 cm.d-1 and employed for 1 day, 2 days, 7 days, and 10days. HSSFCW performance was seen by comparing effluent and influent for its COD, BOD, TSS, TN andTP parameters. HSSFCW using Typha latifollia for processing wastewater in industry is effectively proved.The result of pollutant removal process indicated that higher removal efficiency showed at low HLR of 3cm/d and high HRT of 10 days. In this research, HSSFCW using Typha latifollia was able to reduce BOD,COD and TSS more than 85%. The removal efficiency of COD was 97.12% on HLR 3 cm/d, 86.81% on HLR6 cm/d, and 85.49% on HLR 12 cm/d. In BOD, removal efficiency was 97.46% on HLR 3 cm/d, 92.48% onHLR 6 cm/d and 86.81% on HLR 12 cm/d. While removal efficiency of TSS was 98.37% on HLR 3 cm/d,96.69% on HLR 6 cm/d, and 95.11% on HLR of 12 cm/d. Therefore, for specific nutrient removal efficiency of TN and TP was less than 50%. Those were around 46.17% on HLR 3 cm/d, 35.82% on HLR 6 cm/d, and 31.68% on HLR 12 cm/d for TN and 18.67% in HLR 3 cm d, 12.65% on HLR 6 cm/d, and 6.63% on HLR 12cm/d for TP. Thus, prior treatment is required to optimize the removal efficiency of TN and TP as well as longer HRT observation rather than in BOD, COD, and TSS. Implementing HSSFCW technology is highly possible for small industry of coffee processing due to its high efficiency, low operational and maintenance cost as well as no expert required for the operation.

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