Pollution Research Paper

BIOREMIDIATION OF FORMALIN BY RICINUS COMMUNIS

I. JEEVAN MADHUKAR AND C.V. NARASIMHA MURTHY

Abstract

Phytoremediation is an attractive alternative to conventional treatments of soil due to advantages such as low cost, large application areas, and the possibility of in situ treatment. This study presents the assessment of Phytoremediation processes conducted under controlled experimental conditions to evaluate the ability of Ricinus communis L., tropical plant species, to promote the degradation of Formaldehyde. Formaldehyde is one of groups of substances known as the volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Large amounts of Formaldehyde are produced and used in a variety of applications. These include various uses as a sterilizing agent and as a preservative in foods, cosmetics, pesticides, for biological specimens and for human remains. It is also added to adhesives, resins and foams. Vehicles not fitted with catalytic converters may emit Formaldehyde in their exhaust fumes. Releases of Formaldehyde may occur in the home, from insulation, furniture and carpets containing foam. Trace amounts of Formaldehyde are found in cigarette smoke. Formaldehyde is also released to the environment as a result of natural processes, such as forest fires and natural decay. In the present experiment an attempt is made to formalin Phytoremediation by using Ricinus comunis L plant the results shows that formalin as absorbed by Ricinus communis L. when compared to control. Measurements made in rhizosphere soil indicate that the roots of the studied species reduce the concentration of formaldehyde. The root zone of Ricinus communis L plant provides an environment conducive to the growth and activity of microorganisms. These enhanced populations of microorganisms have been found to degrade Formaldehyde in the rhizosphere of a number of plant species growing on contaminated sites. In addition to bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi are capable of metabolizing formaldehyde. The experimental results confirm the importance of Ricinus communis L. vegetation in removing pollutants, obtaining remediation from 25% to 45%, and demonstrated that Ricinus communis L. can be used for the Phytoremediation of such compounds.