Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

Vol 21, Issue 4, 2015; Page No.(2021-2025)

MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF JATROPHA (JATROPHA CURCAS L.) ACCESSION IN EASTERN HIMALAYA, INDIA

Rakesh Kumar

Abstract

Jatropha carcus L. is a multipurpose shrub of significant economic importance because of its several potential industrial and medicinal uses. The study was conducted at ICAR RC for NEH Region Nagaland centre, Jharnapani during 2008-2012 with 11 provenances in Nagaland. All the provenances differed significantly in their morphological characteristics such as plant height, collar diameter, no. of branches plant-1, branches length, no. of fruiting branches plant-1, no. of fruits branches-1, no. of male and female flowers inflorescence- 1, fruit length, fruit breadth, fresh fruit weight, fruit to seed (%), seed weight, seed length, 1000-seed weight and seed yield. Among all the provenance, Molvum showed significantly superior morphological characters viz., plant height (247.6 cm), collar diameter (7.1 cm), no. of branches plant-1 (13.3), branch length (78.1 cm), no. of fruiting branches plant-1 (5.5), no. of fruits branches-1 (10.1), no. of female flowers inflorescence-1 (80.8), no. of male flowers inflorescence-1 (6.8), fruit length (2.6 cm), fresh fruit weight (3.2 g), seed weight (1.8 g), seed length (1.61 cm), 1000-seed weight (94.3 g) and seed yield (0.88 tha-1). Smimilrly, the maximum fruit breadth was recorded with Khatkati (2.35 cm), fruit to seed with Rangapahar (72.16%) and seed breadth with Piphema (1.08 cm). In intercrop practices, sesame intercrop with jatropha produced the maximum seed yield (134.5 kg ha-1) followed by paddy (131.1 kg ha-1). In relation to soil health, higher organic carbon (2.28%), available soil N (261.3 kg ha-1), P (24.4 kg ha-1) and (306.6 kg ha-1) were recorded at 0-10 cm depth.

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