JATROPHA CURCAS FOR BIOFUEL: A HOPE OF FUTURE RENEWABLE ENERGYL.K. JAT, SANTOSH K. MEENA, Y.V. SINGH, MAHENDRA PRASAD AND LAKHAPATI SINGHAbstract India is said to be one of the fourth largest consumers of energy behind US, China and Japan, but the growing gap between consumption and domestic output is a cause of concern. Indias share in global oil reserves is about 0.5 percent, whereas its share in global consumption is about 3 percent. In the current scenario, exploring energy alternatives in the form of bio-fuels viz. ethanol and biodiesel assume top priority. Biodiesel is non-toxic and environmental friendly as it produces substantially less carbon monoxide and no sulphur dioxide emissions without any un-burnt hydrocarbons. Biodiesel reduces serious air pollutants such as particulates and air toxicity. Biodiesel is a renewable liquid fuel that can be produced locally thus helping reduce the countrys dependence on imported crude. The establishment of biomass plantations on wastelands is likely to affect local livelihoods and can affect surrounding ecosystems by influencing hydrologic flows and processes such as erosion. Indias 68.35 million hectare area are considered as wasteland and production of bio-fuel from feedstocks grown on wastelands is considered a means of addressing concerns about climate change and improving energy security while at the same time providing an additional source of income for the land users. Two sources of bio-fuels, ethanol and biodiesel are gaining world wide acceptance as one of the solutions for the problems of environmental degradation, energy security, restricting imports, rural employment, agricultural economy, owing to reduce dependence on oil import; saving in foreign exchange and reduced vehicular pollution.
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