Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

Vol 21, Issue 3, 2015; Page No.(1199-1206)

ECOLOGICAL CHANGES DETECTION IN SOUTHERN ALGERIA USING REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES, FOR EXAMPLE OASIS OF BREZINA

L. Taouaf and A. Hassini

Abstract

Oasis in the Sahara Desert are undergoing rapid physical and socio-economic changes. High spatial resolution remote sensing data from the Landsat Thematic Mapper have been used in an attempt to monitor these changes. For studies of these changes we chose the Oasis of Brezina in southwest Algeria as an example of this phenomenon, the variations of Average Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) every Autumn in the last 20 years record a degradation since 2001 (the beginning of the dam Brezina) where data indicate the retreating number of palm trees from 28 000 to 18 000 between 2001 and 2013. Several hypotheses are tested to find the cause, the pollution of water and increased salinity are tested, but the analysis and treatment were negative, with going back to data processing and area study shows that the main factor is the dam and the piece down the groundwater level, which was fed by the oasis which is due mainly to the geological nature of the area. We proposed a New irrigation system to raise the groundwater level and in order to avoid such mistakes in the future development projects without a comprehensive study taking into account the characteristics of each region

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