Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

STUDY OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF GROUNDWATER OF SOME PLACES OF TEHSIL R.S. PURA, DISTRICT JAMMU, J & K, INDIA

Pragya Khanna

Abstract

The present study aims to assess the physico-chemical parameters (pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Carbonate (CO3 2-), Bicarbonate (HCO3 -), Chloride (Cl-), Sulphate (SO4 -2), Nitrate (NO3 -), Fluoride (F-), Calcium (Ca2+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), Iron (Fe), Total hardness (TH)) of the underground water in Tehsil R.S. Pura, District Jammu, J&K, India. The water samples were collected from Tube wells and Hand pumps in 15 chosen sites during the pre-monsoon period (Mar. 2013 to May 2013). The results were compared with standard values of drinking water prescribed by IS:10500, BIS and WHO. It was observed that certain parameters like electrical conductivity, bicarbonate, total hardness, calcium and iron as determined from the groundwater samples of Tehsil R.S. Pura were above the limits set by IS:10500, WHO and BIS at certain places. To analyse the data with statistical point of view the statistical parameters like Mean, Range, Standard deviation, coefficient of variation, correlation coefficient, Kurtosis, Skewness were systematically calculated for each parameter. Also, Single factor Anova tables, Piper Diagram and Schoeller graph were prepared to signify the major results. Also, an account has been prepared to analyze the factors like Sum of Anions (meq/L), Sum of Cations (meq/L), calculated TDS (mg/L), Dissolved Minerals (mg/L) like Halite (NaCl), Sylvite (KCl), Carbonate (CaCO3), Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2, Anhydrite (CaSO4), permanent hardness, temporary hardness and alkalinity.