Pollution Research Paper

Vol.29, Issue 3, 2010; Page No.(453-460)

METANIL YELLOW, A FOOD ADDITIVE INDUCES THE RESPONSES AT CELLULAR AND SUB-CELLULAR ORGANISATIONS OF STOMACH, INTESTINE, LIVER, AND KIDNEY OF HETEROPNEUSTES FOSSILIS (BLOCH)

R. SARKAR AND A.R. GHOSH

Abstract

Metanil Yellow is an intentional food additive and non-permitted food colour. The pathological lesions due to its chronic toxicity for an exposure of 45 days with a sublethal dose of 2.0 g/L was studied on an air-breathing teleost, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) to study the damage in the regions of alimentary canal like stomach and intestine and in liver and kidney at cellular and subcellular levels. In stomach, disruption and disarrangement of gastric folds, destruction of epithelial cells, loss of microridges from the apical plasma membrane and fragmentation, erosion and degeneration of gastric glands were the most conspicuous alterations caused by Metanil Yellow toxicity. In the intestine, the absorptive columnar epithelial cells loosened their structural configuration. Intestinal microvilli became disrupted heavily resulting into loss of absorption capacity of nutrients. The lamina propria was severely necrosed. In the liver, extensive degeneration of cytoplasm, pycnosis of nuclei and damage occurred in central vein region. Necrosis of tubular epithelium, cloudy swelling of epithelial cells of renal tubules, disruption in Bowmans capsule occurred. All these observations marked the toxic effects of Metanil Yellow during ingestion through alimentary canal.

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