Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

Vol.12, Issue 3, 2006; Page No.(535-542)

AQUATIC WEEDS AND ITS IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TS WATER HYACINTH

S.M,Mathur and Priti Mathur

Abstract

Pollution of water resources is a global problem and iLlILttR plants have created havoc all over the world. Natural aquatic plants population to sonic, ex t thy Ii dn,.• dquatic ecosystem as it serves as fish feed, plays an important role in nutrient . tg. purity ontrol unwanted algal growth and support fauna including birds. Unwarito ::,rowth of aqua pld:o, ,..specially some seriously invasive species like water hyacinth and SaIrmra has H I. 1 hlIon H S all over the world. It affects the supply of drinking water and water hvaci::, has proved to be a persistent and expensive aquatic weed problem costing m and unaccounted millions of dollars more to the damage to the environment. r: 1,J and crops. It has posed ecological and economical problems in several countries I, \% a ter from the water suriace by evapora-tion is thought to increase through tri n i ion !I of water hyacinth by at least 40 to 50 percent. The dense growth of aquatic wt' .k obstru t v..d ter t low in irrigation channels, interferes with navigation and hydroelectric power generation. The How of ' water is reduced by 40 to 05 percent and roughness coefficient increases from 0.024 to 0.055 in irrigation channel. Free floating aquatic weeds interferes with the seed germination and seedling establishment in paddy, resulting in heavy economic losses. Over the years, various control methods have been studied and tried including chemical, biological and mechanical means hut with no lasting success. The simplest way to management of aquatic weeds is to harvest it and utilize it for useful products.

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