Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Paper

Vol 08, Issue 2, 2006; Page No.(195-199)

AN ASSESSMENT OF PREVALENCE OF NOSOCOMIAL PATHOGENS IN A SECONDARY CARE HOSPITAL

P.C. RAVINDRAN AND STEPHEN JOSEPH

Abstract

A total of 101 culture swabs collected from various inanimate objects of three wards namely, Post surgery ward, Maternity ward and Neonatal ICU of a secondary care hospital were investigated in the present study. About 304 bacterial isolates were obtained after cultural analysis. Identification of these isolates by various biochemical reactions revealed that Enterococci (20.7%) was the predominant isolate, followed by Aerobic spore bearing bacilli (13.2%), Micrococci (12.2%), Staph. aureus (11.2%), Pseudomonas sps. (10.9%), Staph. saprcrphyticus (9.5%), Staph. citreus (7.2%), Proteus 5.9%), Staph. epidermidis (5.6%). Yeast (1.6%), E.coli (0.65%), Salmonella (0.65%), Streptococci sps. (0.32%) and Klebsiella (0.32%). The antibiogram pattern of isolates were prepared by 13 distinct antibiotics which include both conventional drugs and new generation antibiotics. Among which ciprofloxacin was the most effective drug followed by gentarnicin and tetracycline in the decreasing order of effectiveness. Four commonly used working solutions of antiseptics namely Betadine solution, Betadine solution for hand scrub, Savlon and Dettol were tested against various hospital isolates. The efficacy of these antiseptic solutions were satisfactory except against Pseudomonas. The beta lactamase production by hospital isolates of Staphylococcus sps. were detected by iodometric method. Among 27 tested strains 25 showed typical enzyme production. Plate sedimentation method was adopted to check the hospital air flora. Analysis of blood agar plates exposed at three wards showed Micrococci and Aerobic spore bearing bacilli as the predominant isolates. Exposed plates in Operation theatre showed no growth.

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