A REVIEW OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES FOR REDUCTION OFDIOXINS AND FURANS FROM FLUE GAS EMISSIONS OFBIOMEDICAL WASTE INCINERATORS IN INDIAN PERSPECTIVESANDEEP KUMAR VERMA, N.B. SINGH AND C.N TRIPATHIAbstract The present paper discusses the mechanism of formation of dioxins and furans and the technologies used to mitigate the formation of such chemical compounds during the combustion process. By reviewing the findings of several investigations, being conducted by several researchers for the last 30 years, it has been found that the formation of Dioxins and Furans canbe considerably reduced by using the chemical compounds which function as catalysts. Such catalysts are vanadium pentaoxide V2O5, Tungsten Trioxide WO3, and Titanium dioxide TIO2. Besides, there are some sulphur compounds which inhibit the formation of dioxins and furans. Such compounds are Sulphur dioxide SO2 and ammonium sulphate (NH4)2 SO4. There are some Thiourea chemicals which play an important role in inhibiting the formation of dioxins and furans. Such chemical compounds are Ethanolamine C2H7NO, Urea CH4N2O, Mono ethanolamine (H2NCH2CH2OH) etc. But the greatest drawback in the aforesaid technologies is that, they require heavy capital cost as well as the high operating cost. As a solution to the problems, some German companies have developed the techniques for recovering HCl, Nacl and SO2 which are marketable and thus, can make the process cost- effective. Another solution is to adopt a good combustion practice by modifying the design of combustion chambers (primary and secondary) as per guidelines issued by CPCB, India (2017). Lastly it may be considered to switch over to the latest alternative technology of Plasma Pyrolysis which provides a complete solution to the problem. The objective of the present study is to help the stakeholders in the process of making decisions and opting for the latest technologies for a pollution free environment. |