Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

EFFECT OF THE ACTIVITY OF BACTERIA ON CHANGING THE CONDITIONS OF THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT AND PRODUCTION OF BIOGAS

Sawsan Samir Hadi, Sarmad Mahdi Kadhum Alghanimi and Hadeel Mohammed Thabit

Abstract

The current research includes studying the effect of the effectiveness of bacteria in changing the biological environmental conditions, leading to the production of biogas, through a series of chemical and biological reactions that end with the production of methane, and that this technique depends mainly on the anaerobic fermentation mechanism of organic waste that occurs. Because of the bacteria leading to the formation of a medium rich in protein and nitrogen, and on this basis it is considered a suitable technology consisting of a triangle (energy, development, and environment). Therefore, the process of fermentation of organic materials away from the air leads to a complete change of the environmental characteristics, producing methane gas in a biological way, and by the activity of anaerobic bacteria, resulting in the formation of methane (NH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) at rates of (68%, and 15%), respectively, while the remaining percentage is (17%) formed from each of the gases of nitrogen N, and hydrogen H, in addition to a significant proportion of hydrogen sulfide H2S. And that the gas formed is a colorless gas, it ignites without the escalation of smoke, forming a clear blue flame that is very hot, and it is considered lighter than air that is difficult to liquefy, its ignition temperature exceeds (500 degrees Celsius).