ENHANCEMENT OF WASTEWATER EFFLUENT QUALITY BY USING MULTI-LAYER MATERIALS CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS (MLCWS)Mohd Shafiq Mohd Fauzi, Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed, Noor Maisara Jais1, Adel Al-Gheethi, Alaa Fahad and Nurina FitrianiAbstract This study aims to determine the efficiency of Phragmites australis in multi-layer materials constructed wetland (MLCW) to treat effluent from secondary treated sewage treatment plant. MLCW was consisting of waste cement, gravel, peat soil with plantation of common Reed (Phragmites australis). Effluent of treated sewage was collected from the sewage treatment plant in the Universiti Tun Hussein Onn (UTHM) campus. The removal of Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Total suspended solids (TSS) and Turbidity by MLCW were up to 73.2%, 87.8%, 68.7%, and 79.2%, respectively. The pH also reduced from 8.5-9.0 to 6.5-6.5. Therefore, it shows that multilayer (waste cement, gravel, peat soil) with common reed (Phragmites australis) can enhance the quality of primary treated sewage effluent of domestic wastewater. Being economical and low-technology systems, MLCWs are potential alternative or supplementary systems to achieve sewage treatment efficiency. |