Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

CHANGE OF HEMATOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY OF COMMON CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO L.) INFECTED BY PSEUDOMONAS FLOURESCENS BY NATURAL BIOACTIVE TREATMENT OF ROSELLA PETALS (HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA L.)

Arief Prajitno

Abstract

Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a freshwater fish commodity that has high economic value. The presence of disease attacks on carp farming, such as Pseudomonas flourescens bacteria, can cause economic losses in aquaculture. Many attempts were made to prevent and treat the attack of the bacterium P. fluorescens, one of which used natural extract of Rosella Petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Some information about the ability of Rosella Petals (H. sabdariffa L.) as an antibacterial states that this plant is able to inhibit the growth of both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. But, there is no information yet about the ability of Rosella Petals (H. sabdariffa L.) to inhibit the growth of P. fluorescens bacteria and their activity as a treatment for Common Carp (C. carpio). This research was conducted from August 2018 to March 2019. The stages of this study were divided into two, the first stage being co-culture tests, discs and characterization of compounds (phytochemicals, FTIR, UV-VIS). The second step is the application of Rosella Petals extract (H. sabdariffa L.) to Common Carp (C. carpio) after being infected with P. fluorescens with a density of 2.35 x 107 CFU / mL. Doses used in the second phase of the study were 75, 150, 225, 300 and 375 mg / L with 3 replications and 2 controls. The results of this study showed that Rosella Petals extract (H. sabdariffa L.) was able to inhibit the growth of P. fluorescens bacteria at doses of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg / L respectively at 7.12; 9.03; 11.53; 13.25 and 15.02 mm. The results of phytochemical tests, FTIR and UV-VIS showed that the Rosella Petals methanol extract contained phenolic compounds, namely flavonoids (flavonols, anthocyanins) and tannins. Rosella Petals extract (H. sabdariffa L.) was able to repair tissue in the histopathology of fish gills after being infected with the P. fluorescens bacteria significantly (P <0.05) with the best dose in the treatment was 300 mg / L.