MINERALOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL OF PANCHANGANGA RIVER BASIN FROM INFRA-RED ANALYSISA. R. KULKARNIAbstract Infra-red spectroscopy is a well known technique for the characterization of the substances. The principle of the technique is to pass infra-red radiation (4000 to 400 cm-1) through a sample and the absorbed radiation is dispersed through a grating or a set of gratings and is allowed to fall on the detector. Vibrations in the region 550 to 960 cm-1 can be attributed to R â OH bending vibrations. Strong vibrations in the region below 550 cm-1 arise principally from in â plane vibrations of octahedral ions and their adjacent oxygen layers. The detector signal is amplified and recorded. There will be absorption peaks at frequencies corresponding to the substances. In certain cases, it may be possible to see the influence of rotation of the molecules. From the analytical point of view, the type of chemical bond present, the quantitative estimation of the components of a mixture, the association constant and the binding energy of the complexes can be determined. The Infra-red spectroscopy soils of Panchanganga river basin revealed the presence of kaolinite, halloysite, montmorillonite, attapulgite, nontronite and illite in all the soil samples though in different proportions in association with Quartz and humic acid. |