Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

IN VITRO STUDY: THE ADDITION OF ELICITOR CARBOHYDRATES AGAINST THE ACCUMULATION OF ANTHOCYANIN ON A CALLUS DRAGON FRUIT

Indarwati, Sri Arijanti, Jajuk Herawati, Ristani W. Inti and Primawan P. Nugrahadi

Abstract

Plants are the main source of chemical compounds that are used particularly for the pharmaceutical industry, food additives, perfumes. The production of secondary metabolite and elicitation can be used as one of the important tools in order to improve the synthesis of these compounds by in vitro technique. Dragon fruit contains Anthocyanins which are compounds that function as antioxidants; liberate of free radicals and slow the process of ageing/anti-ageing. In dragon fruit plant cell cultures, elicitors have increased metabolic production seconder. Although elicitation has been carried out in a large number of medicinal plants, we extensively research was conducted to improve the content of anthocyanins in callus dragon fruit. The study was conducted using a completely randomized factorial design with two factors, Factor I. Carbohydrate sources; G1 = Glucose, G2 = Fructose, G3 = Sucrose. Factor II. Concentration addition of carbohydrate K1 = 5%, = 10% K2, K3 = 15%, = 20% K4, K5 = 25%; Each treatment was repeated 3 times. Observations showed that the quality of callus formed inclined toward compact. The quantity of callus formed from the treatment source of carbohydrates and carbohydrate concentrations increase with the addition of 15% sucrose (G3K3) tend to produce callus quantity more / bigger. Results of analysis of the content of anthocyanins in callus dragon fruit age 56 dap and 84 dap shows as modifying carbohydrates Media MS with addition sucrose and sucrose concentration of 15% (G3K3) produced anthocyanins content tends to be higher (0.11% and 0.14%) compared to other treatments.