Ecology, Environment and Conservation Paper

EXPLORATION OF BOVINE BONE WASTE AS SOURCE OF BOVINE HYDROXYAPATITE SYNTHESIS AND ITS COMPOSITE WITH GELATIN-HYDROXYPROPYLMETHYL CELLULOSE AS INJECTABLE BONE SUBSTITUTE

Aniek Setiya Budiatin, Dyah Hikmawati, Alfian Pramudita Putra, Siswanto, Samirah, Toetik Aryani, Wenny P.N. and Novitasari

Abstract

Bovine bone waste is nowadays not really utilized to increase its economic value. The slaughtering center only used small amount of this waste just be used as food supplement or plant fertilizer. Bovine bone is rich with calcium with the similar structure with human natural bone. So, it could be used a source of biomaterial for bone application, which is hydroxyapaitite. This study was aimed to synthesis of Hydroxyapatite from bovine bone by high pressure-steamed, grinded and filtered process with a 80 mesh and characterized by Fourier transform infrared, Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Diffraction for determining the purity of the hydroxyapatite. Besides that, it would be combined with gelatin and hydroxyporpylmethylcelluose to form Injectable Bone Substitute (IBS). The IBS was synthesized by stirring 5% (w/v) Bovine Hydroxyapatite:Gelatin with a ratio of 45:55 and 2% (w/v) hydropropylmethylcellulose. The IBS was injected to Bovine Hydroxyapatite Substrate until it was set. The result was shown that the hydroxyapatite was 100% pure and stoichiometric ratio Ca/P was 1.718. The result of FTIR showed that the functional group of hydroxyls, amine, phosphate group, and Ca2+—COO- were present at wavelength of 3465.37 cm-, 1059.52 cm-1, 1642.53 cm-1, and 1562.57 cm-1, respectively. The result of SEM showed that the surface of the substrate had dots which indicated the hydroxyapatite of the IBS. The XRD test showed that the degree of crystallinity increased from 99.15 to 99.50%. In conclusion, the bovine bone waste could be used as the source of hydroxyapatite and could be applied as IBS combined with gelatin and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.