A REVIEW OF PLASTIC DEGRADING ENZYMES, PATHWAYS AND ORGANISMS: POSSIBLE BIO ENGINEERING ASPECTSLOKESH KUMAR, ASHASMITA S. MISHRA, SAKKEESHYAA G.M.,ASHOKE RANJAN THAKUR AND SUJATA ROYAbstract Plastic is a very toxic chemical substance that pose as a major concern for environmental pollution. Many species of bacteria and fungi are capable of degrading plastic to a great extent with the help of environmental factors e.g., sunlight, brackish water, etc., Knowledge about associated organisms i.e., structure of the enzymes involved in the process and their evolutionary origin can help better understand the functions of the enzymes that aid degradation of the long chain fatty acid.Bacteria synthesizes a class of short chain fatty acid called poly hydroxyalkanoates (PHA).Polyhydroxy-butyrate, a PHA, serves as energy storage material and can be engineered to produce a bio fuel. This fatty acid degradation pathway is the key for plastic degradation. In this study, the structure of the participating enzymes along with their phylogenetic studies, the common folds and domain architecture have been carefully analysed and discussed. Since pathways are the key to solution for plastic degradation, different pathways have been compared and possible bio engineering aspects have been discussed. A model organism has been suggested and possible studies have been proposed which may lead to the design of a bio molecular switch for both plastic degradation and fuel production.
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